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Cherokee County and the Civil War
Cherokee County Civil War Lawlessness and Depredations
Captain Nathaniel Green Philips of Valley
Town, Cherokee County, North Carolina, in a letter to Colonel Cathey
dated December 24, 1863, describes the lawlessness and depredations in Western North Carolina. (Philips was commonly
spelled both Phillips and Philips in the census records.)
In the letter, Philips writes that wartime conditions in Cherokee County have made it unbearable for the Philips' family, and seeks Cathey’s
assistance in relocating his family to another area before he has to return to military service. Nathaniel Green Philips of
Cherokee County, North Carolina, initially enlisted in Company D, 25th North Carolina Infantry Regiment* in June, 1861, and on July 24, 1862, he was commissioned a 2nd lieutenant in Company I, Thomas Legion. Thomas' Legion was North Carolina's sole Civil War legion and it recruited Cherokee Indians and Highlanders. Original spelling is intact:
Valley Town,
[Cherokee County] NC Dec
24 1863
Col Cathey sir the condi tion of this county renders
it untenable the yankies and Bushwhackers have Ruined it, & I will have to move my family out &
as I will soon have to Return to the army I want to move them in to your county & my Father is a good
miller & if you have a good mill he will take it, & he can bring as good a Recommendation as you may
desire. I want a house & 8 or ten acres of land
for my family & my father & mother want to
____ go with me I hope you will try to help me I have been in the Service nearly three years & my family
has not got provisions to Do them a month & the frost & the Bushwhackers & Yankies has Ruined
this County so it is impossible for them to stay here Let me hear from you by the first mail as what I
do I must do promptly Direct your letters to Valley Town North Carolina Yous Best N.G. Philips
Credit: Courtesy of Hunter
Library, Western Carolina University; North Carolina Troops, vol. 7, p. 396.
* The real
Private W. P. Inman, portrayed by Jude Law in the movie Cold Mountain, was a Haywood County highlander that served in Company F, Twenty-fifth North
Carolina Infantry Regiment.
Recommended Reading: Bushwhackers, The Civil War in North Carolina: The
Mountains (338 pages). Description: Trotter's book (which could have been titled "Murder, Mayhem, and Mountain Madness") is an epic backdrop
for the most horrific murdering, plundering and pillaging of the mountain communities of western North Carolina during the
state’s darkest hour—the American Civil War. Commonly referred to as Southern Appalachia, the North
Carolina and East Tennessee mountains witnessed divided loyalties in its bushwhackers
and guerrilla units. These so-called “bushwhackers” even used the conflict to settle old feuds and scores, which,
in some cases, continued well after the war ended. Continued below...
Some bushwhackers
were highly organized ‘fighting guerrilla units’ while others were a motley group of deserters and outliers,
and, since most of them were residents of the region, they were familiar with the terrain and made for a “very formidable
foe.” In this work, Trotter does a great job on covering the many facets of the bushwhackers, including their: battles,
skirmishes, raids, activities, motives, the outcome, and even the aftermath. This book is also a great source for tracing
ancestors during the Civil War; a must have for the family researcher of Southern Appalachia.
Related Reading:
Editor's
Choice: The
Civil War in North Carolina: Soldiers' and Civilians' Letters and Diaries, 1861-1865. Volume 2: The Mountains
(Civil War in North Carolina) (Hardcover). Description: As with The Civil War in North Carolina: Soldiers' and Civilians' Letters
and Diaries, 1861-1865. Vol. 1: The Piedmont, this work presents letters and diary entries (and a few other documents) that tell the experiences of soldiers and
civilians from the mountain counties of North Carolina during
the Civil War. The counties included are Alleghany, Ashe, Buncombe, Burke, Caldwell, Cherokee,
Clay, Haywood, Henderson, Jackson, McDowell, Macon,
Madison, Mitchell, Polk, Rutherford, Surry, Transylvania,
Watauga, Wilkes, and Yancey. The book is arranged chronologically, 1861 through 1865. Before each letter or diary entry, background
information is provided about the writer. Continued below...
The Civil War
in North Carolina: Soldiers'
and Civilians' Letters and Diaries, 1861-1865 (Volume 2): The Mountains, is the soldier's story. It is an A-to-Z compilation
of what the "rank and file soldier" experienced during the American Civil War. The Western
North Carolina soldiers express their hearts to their loved ones and friends, thus allowing the reader
the most intimate and personal view of the war. From triumph to tragedy, the "soldiers' letters" express what few authors
or writers can achieve--realism. According to cartographic and demographic studies, Southern
Appalachia comprised a unique indigenous people, and by isolating these rare letters it allows the
reader the most detailed insight to their experiences. The soldier experienced various traumatic stressors in the conflict:
such as witnessing death or dismemberment, handling dead bodies, traumatic loss of comrades, realizing imminent death, killing
others and being helpless to prevent others' deaths. Plain, raw and to the point: The
reader will witness the most detailed insight to the so-called American Civil War. Intimate and personal: diseases, privation,
wounds, loneliness, exhaustion, heartache, and death are all explored. This book includes a lot of information about: Western North Carolina Civil
War History (North Carolina mountain troops), soldiers' photos (some
tintype photographs too), and rare pictures. For example, on page 143, there is a photo of Gov. Zeb Vance's brother,
Robert, at Fort Delaware Prisoner of War Camp; he had been captured by Pennsylvania cavalry in East Tennessee. You may see a
rare photo or letter of an ancestor. The maps, which reflect the region, have keys which place each regiment to
each respective western county (where the troops were raised). The soldiers - collectively - also present
a detailed North Carolina Civil War History. By reading the letters, you will easily form a timeline that is filled with
first-hand facts. To be very candid, it is not only filled with primary accounts of the war, but it is one of the best
books to read about the war...Creates an indispensable historical timeline of events of the brave men from the
Old North State.
Recommended
Reading:
Kirk's Raiders. Description: The mountains of East Tennessee & Western North
Carolina were deeply divided in their loyalties between Union and Confederate causes during
the War of the Rebellion. Colonel George Kirk of Tennessee led nearly 2000 southern
boys against their brethren from 1862 until 1865, fighting at Warm Springs, Burnsville,
Morganton, Erwin, Waynesville, Blowing Rock, and Lenoir. After the war in 1870, he returned to central North
Carolina to suppress a KKK insurrection in Alamance and Caswell
Counties. Mayhem, bloodshed, and controversy followed George Kirk wherever
he went. This is his story. Complete rosters of the 2nd & 3rd NC Mounted Infantries are included,
as well as nearly 50 never-before published photographs, letters, and maps. This is the definitive
George Kirk study.
Recommended Reading: The Civil War in North Carolina.
Description: Numerous battles and skirmishes
were fought in North Carolina during the Civil War, and
the campaigns and battles themselves were crucial in the grand strategy of the conflict and involved some of the most famous
generals of the war. Continued below...
John Barrett presents the complete story of military engagements and battles across the state, including
the classical pitched battle of Bentonville--involving Generals Joe Johnston and William
Sherman--the siege of Fort Fisher, the amphibious campaigns on the
coast, and cavalry sweeps such as General George Stoneman's Raid. "Includes cavalry battles, Union Navy
operations, Confederate Navy expeditions, Naval bombardments, the land battles... [A]n indispensable edition." Also
available in hardcover: The Civil War in North Carolina.
Recommended Reading: Mountain
Myth: Unionism in Western North Carolina (Hardcover), by Terrell T. Garren. Description: Civil
War historian Terrell T. Garren and author of acclaimed The Secret of War: A Dramatic History of Civil War Crime in Western North Carolina , delivers another masterpiece and challenges previous 'historical assumptions' regarding Unionism in Western North
Carolina. Garren says that readers of his new book "may be surprised to learn that Western North Carolina citizens of that
day were as much or more dedicated to the Confederate cause than the people of any other area in the entire South." It is
RATED 5 STARS, the highest rating, by thomaslegion.net
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