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Lane's Brigade, aka Lane's North Carolina Brigade
Lane's Brigade:
Pender's Division: Third Army Corps:
| Lane's Brigade |
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| Gen. Jame Henry Lane |
THIRD ARMY CORPS
Lt.
General Ambrose P. Hill
PENDER'S DIVISION- Maj. General William D. Pender; Brig. General
James H. Lane; and Maj. General Isaac R. Trimble
Lane's Brigade- Brig. Gen. James Henry Lane; Colonel Clark M. Avery
7th North Carolina- Capt. J. Mcleod Turner; Capt. James G. Harris
18th North Carolina- Col. John D. Barry
28th North Carolina- Col. Samuel D. Lowe; Lt. Col. W. H. A. Speer
33rd North Carolina- Col. Clark M. Avery
37th North Carolina- Col. William M. Barbour
Lane's brigade, also known
as Lane's North Carolina Brigade, consisted of the 7th, 18th, 28th, 33rd and 37th North Carolina Regiments and it fought it many of the
major battles of the Civil War. The Brigade was initially commanded by General Lawrence Branch,
who was killed at the Battle of Antietam (also known as the Battle of Sharpsburg). The
7th and 18th appear upon Colonel Fox's percentage table: in the seven days' fight lost 56 per cent. The numerical loss for
the brigade was 807. At Chancellorsville it had 739 killed and wounded. In the history of this battle by Col. Hamlin, of Maine,
the conduct of this brigade is spoken of very highly. In Longstreet's assault, as it moved over the field, the two wings of its right regiment parted company, and at the close of the assault
were several hundred yards apart. The point of direction for the assaulting column was a small cluster of trees opposite to
and in front of Archer's brigade, and while the rest of the line dressed on this brigade, by some misunderstanding, four and
a half regiments of Lane's dressed to the left. It went some distance beyond the Emmittsburg Road,
but fell back to that road, where it remained fighting 'till all the rest of the line had given way, when it was withdrawn
by General Trimble. In a St. Louis paper, a Union veteran gave an account of what
transpired under his observation at Spotsylvania: His command had been repulsed and was being driven by Lane's brigade, when he was shot down. As the victorious line swept
by, a Confederate was struck, falling near him. The conduct of a young officer, whose face was radiant with the joy of battle,
had attracted his attention, and he asked his wounded neighbor who he was. His reply was, "That's Capt. Billy McLaurin, of
the 18th North Carolina, the bravest man in Lee's army."
OUR ARMY'S MARCH INTO PENNSYLVANIA
June 27: Anderson's Division marched through Chambersburg to Fayetteville;
Heth's Division marched from Sharpsburg toward Hagerstown, Md., and onto camp several miles south of Waynesborough, PA; Pender's
Division camped near Fayetteville, PA.
June 28: Heth's Division marched to Fayetteville, PA; Anderson remained near Fayetteville.
Pender's Division camped near Fayetteville. June 29: Heth's Division moved from Fayetteville to Cashtown; Pender's Division
camped vicinity of Fayetteville, PA.
June 30: Heth's Division at Cashtown and Pettigrew's Brigade sent to scout the Gettysburg area; Pender's Division moved from Fayetteville toward Cashtown and camped in pass
of South Mountain.
July 1: Heth's and Pender's Divisions march from Cashtown to Gettysburg; Anderson's Division marches
from Fayetteville, via Cashtown, to Gettysburg.
Gettysburg Order of Battle (ANV and AoP)
Lane's Brigade at Gettysburg
July 1. Crossed Willoughby Run about 3.30 P.M. and advanced on
the right of the Division in the final and successful movement against the Union forces on Seminary Ridge. Held back Union
Cavalry which threatened the flank and had a sharp conflict at the stone wall on Seminary Ridge, which is just south of Fairfield Road.
July 2. Lay with its right in
McMillan's Woods with skirmish line advanced.
July 3. In Longstreet's assault -- the Brigade supported the center of Pettigrew's Division advancing in good order under
the storm of shot and shell. And when near the Union works north of the Angle, pushed forward to aid the fragments
of the front line in the final struggle and was among the last to retire.
July 4. After night withdrew and began the march
to Hagerstown.
Present 1355: Killed 41, Wounded 348, Missing 271: Total 660
The Histories of the Regiments of Lane's Brigade:
7th Infantry Regiment was organized at Camp Mason, near Graham, North Carolina, in August 1861. Its members were recruited in
the counties of Iredell, Alexander, Cabarrus, Rowan, New Hanover, Mecklenburg, Nash, and Wake. The unit took an active part
in the fight at New Bern, then moved to Virginia. It was assigned to General Branch's, Law's, and Lane's Brigade, Army of Northern Virginia. After fighting at Hanover Court House, it participated in the various campaigns of the army from the Seven Days Battles to Cold Harbor, then was involved in the Siege of Petersburg south and north of the James River. The regiment sustained 51 casualties
at New Bern, 253 out of the 450 engaged during the Seven Days Battles, 69 at Second Manassas and Ox Hill, 52 at Sharpsburg, and 86 at Fredericksburg. There were 37 killed and 127 wounded
at Chancellorsville, and of the 291 in action at Gettysburg, thirty-one percent were disabled. It lost 5 killed, 62 wounded, and 37
missing at the Wilderness, and 11 killed and 28 wounded at Spotsylvania. On February 26, 1865, the unit was ordered to North Carolina where
it surrendered with the Army of Tennessee with 13 officers and 139 men. A detachment surrendered at Appomattox with 1 officer and 18 men. The field officers were Reuben P. Campbell, William L. Davidson, and Edward G. Haywood;
Lieutenant Colonel Junius L. Hill; and Majors Edward D. Hall, James G. Harris, Robert B. McRae, John M. Turner, and Robert
S. Young.
18th Infantry Regiment, formerly the 8th Volunteers, was organized in July 1861 at Camp Wyatt, near Carolina Beach, North Carolina. Its members
were from Wilmington and the counties of Robeson, New Hanover, Bladen, Columbus, and Richmond. It moved to South Carolina,
returned to North Carolina, and then in the spring of 1862 proceeded to Virginia. The 18th served in General Branch's
and Lane's Brigade, Army of Northern Virginia. After fighting at Hanover Court House, it participated in various conflicts of the army from the Seven Days
Battles to Cold Harbor. It continued the fight in the trenches of Petersburg south of the James River and ended the war at Appomattox. This unit was organized with 1,100 men, lost fifty-seven percent of
the 396 engaged during the Seven Days Battles, and reported 14 casualties at Cedar Mountain, and 12 at Second Manassas. There were 13 killed and 77 wounded at Fredericksburg and 30 killed and 96 wounded at Chancellorsville. Of the 346 in action at Gettysburg, about twenty-five percent were disabled. It surrendered 12 officers and 81
men. The field officers were Colonels John D. Barry, Robert H. Cowan, Thomas J. Purdie, and James D. Radcliffe; Lieutenant
Colonels Forney George, John W. McGill, and Oliver P. Meares; and Majors George Tait and Thomas J. Wooten. Officers
and Men Present, 18th NCT (April 9, 1865)
28th Infantry Regiment was organized and mustered into Confederate service in September 1861 at High Point, North Carolina. Its members were from
the counties of Surry, Gaston, Catawba, Stanley, Montgomery, Yadkin, Orange, and Cleveland. The unit advanced to New
Bern and arrived just as the troops were withdrawing from that fight. Ordered to Virginia in May 1862, it was assigned to
General Branch's and Lane's Brigade, Army of Northern Virginia. It fought at Hanover Court House and many conflicts of the army from the Seven Days Battles to Cold Harbor. The 28th was involved in the long Petersburg siege
south of the James River and the Appomattox operations. It arrived in Virginia with 1,199 men, lost thirty-three
percent of the 480 engaged during the Seven Days Battles, and had 3 killed and 26 wounded at Cedar Mountain, and 5 killed and 45 wounded at Second Manassas. The regiment reported 65 casualties at Fredericksburg and 89 at Chancellorsville. Of the 346 in action at Gettysburg, more than forty percent were killed, wounded, or missing. It surrendered 17
officers and 213 men. Its commanders were Colonels James H. Lane, Samuel D. Lowe, and William H. A. Speer; Lieutenant Colonels
William D. Barringer and Thomas L. Lowe; and Majors William J. Montgomery, Richard E. Reeves, and S. N. Stowe. Officers
and Men Surrendered, 28 NC Regt., (April 9, 1865)
33rd Infantry Regiment completed its organization at the old fair grounds at Raleigh, North Carolina, in September 1861. The men were recruited
in the counties of Iredell, Edgecombe, Cabarrus, Wilkes, Gates, Hyde, Cumberland, Forsyth, and Greene. After fighting at New Bern, the unit relocated to Virginia and saw action at Hanover Court House. It served under Generals Branch and Lane and participated in the campaigns
of the Army of Northern Virginia from the Seven Days Battles to Cold Harbor. Later it took its place in the Petersburg trenches and was involved in the Appomattox operations. This regiment sustained 75 casualties during the Seven Days
Battles, 36 at Cedar Mountain, 8 at Second Manassas, and 41 at Fredericksburg. It lost forty-two percent of the 480 engaged at Chancellorsville, and twenty percent of the 368 at Gettysburg. The unit reported 4 killed and 19 wounded at Spotsylvania, and 5 killed, 29 wounded, and 4 missing at Jericho Mills. On
April 9, 1865, it surrendered 11 officers and 108 men. The field officers were Colonels Clark M. Avery, Lawrence O. Branch,
and Robert V. Cowan; Lieutenant Colonels Robert F. Hoke and J. H. Saunders; and Majors William G. Lewis, Thomas W. Mayhew,
and James A. Weston.
37th Infantry Regiment, organized by Colonel C. C. Lee, was assembled at High Point, North Carolina, in November 1861. The men were raised in the
counties of Buncombe, Watauga, Mecklenburg, Wake, Ashe, Alexander, and Gaston. The unit fought at New Bern, then moved to Virginia in the spring of 1862. It was assigned to General
Branch's and Lane's Brigade, Army of Northern Virginia. The 37th saw action at Hanover Court House and participated in many campaigns of the army from the Seven Days Battles
to Cold Harbor. It continued the fight in the Petersburg trenches and around Appomattox. This regiment reported 125 casualties during the Seven Days' Battles,
15 at Cedar Mountain, 81 at Second Manassas, 93 at Fredericksburg, and 235 at Chancellorsville. Of the 379 engaged at Gettysburg, more than thirty percent were disabled. It surrendered 10 officers and 98 men.
The field officers were Colonels William M. Barbour and Charles C. Lee; Lieutenant Colonel John B. Ashcraft, Charles N. Hickerson,
and William G. Morris; and Majors Jackson L. Bost, Owen N. Brown, John G. Bryan, Rufus M. Rankin, and William R. Rankin. Soldier's Letter from the 37th Regiment
Recommended
Reading: Gettysburg: A Testing of Courage.
Description: America's Civil War raged for more than four years, but it is the three days of fighting
in the Pennsylvania countryside in July 1863 that continues
to fascinate, appall, and inspire new generations with its unparalleled saga of sacrifice and courage. From Chancellorsville,
where General Robert E. Lee launched his high-risk campaign into the North, to the Confederates' last daring and ultimately-doomed
act, forever known as Pickett's Charge, the battle of Gettysburg gave the Union army a victory that turned back the boldest
and perhaps greatest chance for a Southern nation. Continued below...
Now, acclaimed
historian Noah Andre Trudeau brings the most up-to-date research available to a brilliant, sweeping, and comprehensive history
of the battle of Gettysburg that sheds fresh light on virtually every aspect of it. Deftly balancing his own
narrative style with revealing firsthand accounts, Trudeau brings this engrossing human tale to life as never before.
Recommended
Reading: Lee's Lieutenants: A Study in Command (912 pages). Description: Hailed as one of the greatest
Civil War books, this exhaustive study is an abridgement of the original three-volume version. It is a history of
the Army of Northern Virginia from the first shot fired to the surrender at Appomattox
- but what makes this book unique is that it incorporates a series of biographies of more than 150 Confederate officers. The
book discusses in depth all the tradeoffs that were being made politically and militarily by the South. Continued below...
The book does
an excellent job describing the battles, then at a critical decision point in the battle, the book focuses on an officer -
the book stops and tells the biography of that person, and then goes back to the battle and tells what information the officer
had at that point and the decision he made. At the end of the battle, the officers decisions are critiqued based on what he
"could have known and what he should have known" given his experience, and that is compared with 20/20 hindsight. "It is an
incredibly well written book!"
Recommended
Reading: Brigades of Gettysburg: The Union and Confederate Brigades at the
Battle of Gettysburg (Hardcover) (704 Pages). Description: While the battle of Gettysburg
is certainly the most-studied battle in American history, a comprehensive treatment of the part played by each unit has been
ignored. Brigades of Gettysburg fills this void by presenting a complete account of every brigade
unit at Gettysburg and providing a fresh perspective of the
battle. Using the words of enlisted men and officers, the author-well-known Civil War historian Bradley Gottfried-weaves a
fascinating narrative of the role played by every brigade at the famous three-day battle, as well as a detailed description
of each brigade unit. Continued below...
Organized by
order of battle, each brigade is covered in complete and exhaustive detail: where it fought, who commanded, what constituted
the unit, and how it performed in battle. Innovative in its approach and comprehensive in its coverage, Brigades of Gettysburg is certain to be a classic and indispensable reference for the battle of Gettysburg
for years to come.
NEW! Recommended Reading: ONE CONTINUOUS FIGHT: The
Retreat from Gettysburg and the Pursuit of Lee's Army of Northern Virginia,
July 4-14, 1863 (Hardcover) (June
2008). Description: The titanic three-day battle of Gettysburg left 50,000
casualties in its wake, a battered Southern army far from its base of supplies, and a rich historiographic legacy. Thousands
of books and articles cover nearly every aspect of the battle, but not a single volume focuses on the military aspects of
the monumentally important movements of the armies to and across the Potomac River. One Continuous
Fight: The Retreat from Gettysburg and the Pursuit of Lee's
Army of Northern Virginia, July 4-14, 1863 is the first detailed military history of Lee's retreat and the Union effort to
catch and destroy the wounded Army of Northern Virginia. Against steep odds and encumbered with thousands of casualties, Confederate
commander Robert E. Lee's post-battle task was to successfully withdraw his army across the Potomac River. Union commander
George G. Meade's equally difficult assignment was to intercept the effort and destroy his enemy. The responsibility for defending
the exposed Southern columns belonged to cavalry chieftain James Ewell Brown (JEB) Stuart. If Stuart fumbled his famous ride
north to Gettysburg, his generalship during the retreat more
than redeemed his flagging reputation. The ten days of retreat triggered nearly two dozen skirmishes and major engagements,
including fighting at Granite Hill, Monterey Pass,
Hagerstown, Williamsport, Funkstown,
Boonsboro, and Falling Waters. Continued
below...
President Abraham
Lincoln was thankful for the early July battlefield victory, but disappointed that General Meade was unable to surround and
crush the Confederates before they found safety on the far side of the Potomac. Exactly what Meade did to try to intercept the fleeing Confederates, and how the
Southerners managed to defend their army and ponderous 17-mile long wagon train of wounded until crossing into western Virginia on the early morning of July 14, is the subject of this study.
One Continuous Fight draws upon a massive array of documents, letters, diaries, newspaper accounts, and published primary
and secondary sources. These long-ignored foundational sources allow the authors, each widely known for their expertise in
Civil War cavalry operations, to describe carefully each engagement. The result is a rich and comprehensive study loaded with
incisive tactical commentary, new perspectives on the strategic role of the Southern and Northern cavalry, and fresh insights
on every engagement, large and small, fought during the retreat. The retreat from Gettysburg
was so punctuated with fighting that a soldier felt compelled to describe it as "One Continuous Fight." Until now, few students
fully realized the accuracy of that description. Complimented with 18 original maps, dozens of photos, and a complete driving
tour with GPS coordinates of the entire retreat, One Continuous Fight is an essential book for every student of the American
Civil War in general, and for the student of Gettysburg in
particular. About the Authors: Eric J. Wittenberg has written widely on Civil War cavalry operations. His books include Glory
Enough for All (2002), The Union Cavalry Comes of Age (2003), and The Battle of Monroe's Crossroads and the Civil War's Final
Campaign (2005). He lives in Columbus, Ohio.
J. David Petruzzi is the author of several magazine articles on Eastern Theater cavalry operations, conducts tours of cavalry
sites of the Gettysburg Campaign, and is the author of the popular "Buford's Boys." A long time student of the Gettysburg
Campaign, Michael Nugent is a retired US Army Armored Cavalry Officer and the descendant of a Civil War Cavalry soldier. He
has previously written for several military publications. Nugent lives in Wells, Maine.
Recommended
Reading: General Lee's Army: From Victory to Collapse. Review: You cannot say that University
of North Carolina professor Glatthaar (Partners in Command) did not do
his homework in this massive examination of the Civil War–era lives of the men in Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia.
Glatthaar spent nearly 20 years examining and ordering primary source material to ferret out why Lee's men fought, how they
lived during the war, how they came close to winning, and why they lost. Glatthaar marshals convincing evidence to challenge
the often-expressed notion that the war in the South was a rich man's war and a poor man's fight and that support for slavery
was concentrated among the Southern upper class. Continued below...
Lee's army
included the rich, poor and middle-class, according to the author, who contends that there was broad support for the war in
all economic strata of Confederate society. He also challenges the myth that because Union forces outnumbered and materially
outmatched the Confederates, the rebel cause was lost, and articulates Lee and his army's acumen and achievements in the face
of this overwhelming opposition. This well-written work provides much food for thought for all Civil War buffs.
Recommended
Reading: The Maps of Gettysburg:
The Gettysburg Campaign, June 3 - July 13, 1863
(Hardcover). Description: More academic and photographic accounts on the battle of Gettysburg exist than for all other battles of the Civil War combined-and
for good reason. The three-days of maneuver, attack, and counterattack consisted of literally scores of encounters, from corps-size
actions to small unit engagements. Despite all its coverage, Gettysburg
remains one of the most complex and difficult to understand battles of the war. Author Bradley Gottfried offers a unique approach
to the study of this multifaceted engagement. The Maps of Gettysburg plows new ground in the study of the campaign by breaking
down the entire campaign in 140 detailed original maps. These cartographic originals bore down to the regimental level, and
offer Civil Warriors a unique and fascinating approach to studying the always climactic battle of the war. Continued below...
The Maps of
Gettysburg offers thirty "action-sections" comprising the entire campaign. These include the march to and from the battlefield,
and virtually every significant event in between. Gottfried's original maps further enrich each "action-section." Keyed to
each piece of cartography is detailed text that includes hundreds of soldiers' quotes that make the Gettysburg
story come alive. This presentation allows readers to easily and quickly find a map and text on virtually any portion of the
campaign, from the great cavalry clash at Brandy Station on June 9, to the last Confederate withdrawal of troops across the
Potomac River on July 15, 1863. Serious students of the battle will appreciate the extensive
and authoritative endnotes. They will also want to bring the book along on their trips to the battlefield… Perfect for
the easy chair or for stomping the hallowed ground of Gettysburg,
The Maps of Gettysburg promises to be a seminal work that belongs on the bookshelf of every serious and casual student of
the battle.
Recommended
Reading: The Gettysburg Companion: A Guide to the Most Famous Battle of the Civil War (Hardcover). Description: There have been many books about Gettysburg, but never
one to rival this in scale or authority. Based on extensive research, The Gettysburg Companion describes the battle in detail,
drawing on firsthand accounts of participants on all sides in order to give the reader a vivid sense of what it was like to
experience the carnage at Gettysburg in early July 1863. The
many full-color maps--all specially commissioned for the book--and the numerous photographs, charts, and diagrams make this
book a feast for the eyes and a collector's dream. Includes a massive library
of 500 color illustrations.
Sources: Official Records of the
Union and Confederate Armies; Auburn University Archives; University of North Carolina (Chapel Hill); Gettysburg National
Military Park; Southern Historical Society Papers; Walter Clark, Histories of the Several Regiments and Battalions from North
Carolina in the Great War 1861-1865; National Park Service: American Civil War; National Park Service: Soldiers and Sailors
System; Weymouth T. Jordan and Louis H. Manarin, North Carolina Troops, 1861-1865; and D. H. Hill, Confederate Military History Of North Carolina: North Carolina In The Civil War,
1861-1865.
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