North Carolina Census Totals For Black, Free Black, and Slave
Total Black Population, Total Free Black Population,
Total Slave Population
Census Year |
Total Black Population |
Total Free Black Population |
Total Slave Population |
1870 |
391,650 |
391,650 |
0 |
1860 |
361,522 |
30,463 |
331,059 |
1850 |
316,011 |
27,463 |
288,548 |
1840 |
268,549 |
22,732 |
245,817 |
1830 |
265,144 |
19,543 |
245,601 |
1820 |
219,629 |
14,712 |
204,917 |
1810 |
179,152 |
10,268 |
168,884 |
1800 |
140,339 |
7,043 |
133,296 |
1790 |
105,547 |
4,975 |
100,572 |
Source: United States Census
Recommended Reading: Inhuman
Bondage: The Rise and Fall of Slavery in the New World. Description: Winner of a Pulitzer Prize and a National Book Award, David Brion
Davis has long been recognized as the leading authority on slavery in the Western World. Now, in Inhuman Bondage, Davis sums up a lifetime of insight in this definitive account of New World
slavery. The heart of the book looks at slavery in the American South, describing black slaveholding planters, rise of the
Cotton Kingdom,
daily life of ordinary slaves, highly destructive slave trade, sexual exploitation of slaves, emergence of an African-American
culture, abolition, abolitionists, antislavery movements, and much more. Continued below…
But though
centered on the United States, the book offers a global perspective spanning four continents. It
is the only study of American slavery that reaches back to ancient foundations and also traces the long evolution of anti-black
racism in European thought. Equally important, it combines the subjects of slavery and abolitionism as very few books do,
and it connects the actual life of slaves with the crucial place of slavery in American politics, stressing that slavery was
integral to America's success as a nation--not
a marginal enterprise. This is the definitive history by a writer deeply immersed in the subject. Inhuman Bondage offers a
compelling portrait of the dark side of the American dream.
Related Reading:
Recommended Reading: North Carolinians in the Era of the Civil War
and Reconstruction (The University of North Carolina Press). Description: Although North Carolina
was a "home front" state rather than a battlefield state for most of the Civil War, it was heavily involved in the Confederate
war effort and experienced many conflicts as a result. North Carolinians were divided over
the issue of secession, and changes in race and gender relations brought new controversy. Blacks fought for freedom, women
sought greater independence, and their aspirations for change stimulated fierce resistance from more privileged groups. Republicans
and Democrats fought over power during Reconstruction and for decades thereafter disagreed over the meaning of the war and
Reconstruction. Continued below...
With contributions
by well-known historians as well as talented younger scholars, this volume offers new insights into all the key issues of
the Civil War era that played out in pronounced ways in the Tar Heel State.
In nine fascinating essays composed specifically for this volume, contributors address themes such as ambivalent whites, freed
blacks, the political establishment, racial hopes and fears, postwar ideology, and North Carolina women. These issues of the
Civil War and Reconstruction eras were so powerful that they continue to agitate North Carolinians today.
Recommended Reading: Bluecoats and Tar Heels: Soldiers
and Civilians in Reconstruction North Carolina
(New Directions in Southern History) (Hardcover). Description: In Bluecoats and Tar Heels: Soldiers and Civilians in Reconstruction North Carolina, Mark L. Bradley examines the
complex relationship between U.S. Army soldiers and North Carolina civilians after the Civil War. Postwar violence and political
instability led the federal government to deploy elements of the U.S. Army in the Tar
Heel State, but their twelve-year
occupation was marked by uneven success: it proved more adept at conciliating white ex-Confederates than at protecting the
civil and political rights of black Carolinians. Bluecoats and Tar Heels is the first book to focus on the army’s role
as post-bellum conciliator, providing readers the opportunity to discover a rich but neglected chapter in Reconstruction history.
Recommended Reading: Encyclopedia of North Carolina (Hardcover: 1328 pages) (The University of North
Carolina Press). Description: The first single-volume
reference to the events, institutions, and cultural forces that have defined the state, the Encyclopedia of North Carolina
is a landmark publication that will serve those who love and live in North Carolina
for generations to come. Editor William S. Powell, whom the Raleigh News & Observer described as a "living repository
of information on all things North Carolinian," spent fifteen years developing this volume. With contributions by more than
550 volunteer writers—including scholars, librarians, journalists, and many others—it is a true "people's encyclopedia"
of North Carolina. Continued below...
The volume
includes more than 2,000 entries, presented alphabetically, consisting of longer essays on major subjects, briefer entries,
and short summaries and definitions. Most entries include suggestions for further reading. Centered on history and the humanities,
topics covered include agriculture; arts and architecture; business and industry; the Civil War; culture and customs; education;
geography; geology, mining, and archaeology; government, politics, and law; media; medicine, science, and technology; military
history; natural environment; organizations, clubs, and foundations; people, languages, and immigration; places and historic
preservation; precolonial and colonial history; recreation and tourism; religion; and transportation. An informative and engaging
compendium, the Encyclopedia of North Carolina is abundantly illustrated with 400 photographs and maps. It is both a celebration
and a gift—from the citizens of North Carolina, to the citizens of North Carolina.
"Truly an exhaustive and exciting view of every aspect of the Old
North State!”
Recommended Reading: The Tar Heel
State: A History of North Carolina
(Hardcover). Description: The Tar Heel State: A History of North Carolina constitutes the most comprehensive
and inclusive single-volume chronicle of the state’s storied past to date, culminating with an attentive look at recent
events that have transformed North Carolina into a southern
megastate. Integrating tales of famous pioneers, statesmen, soldiers, farmers, captains of industry, activists, and community
leaders with more marginalized voices, including those of Native Americans, African Americans, and women, Milton Ready gives
readers a view of North Carolina that encompasses perspectives and personalities from the coast, "tobacco road," the Piedmont,
and the mountains in this sweeping history of the Tar Heel State. The first such volume in more than two decades, Ready’s
work offers a distinctive view of the state’s history built from myriad stories and episodes. The Tar Heel State is
enhanced by one hundred and ninety illustrations and five maps. Continued below...
Ready begins
with a study of the state’s geography and then invites readers to revisit dramatic struggles of the American Revolution
and Civil War, the early history of Cherokees, the impact of slavery as an institution, the rise of industrial mills, and
the changes wrought by modern information-based technologies since 1970. Mixing spirited anecdotes and illustrative statistics,
Ready describes the rich Native American culture found by John White in 1585, the chartered chaos of North Carolina’s
proprietary settlement, and the chronic distrust of government that grew out of settlement patterns and the colony’s
early political economy. He challenges the perception of relaxed intellectualism attributed to the "Rip van Winkle" state,
the notion that slavery was a relatively benign institution in North Carolina,
and the commonly accepted interpretation of Reconstruction in the state. Ready also discusses how the woman suffrage movement
pushed North Carolina into a hesitant twentieth-century
progressivism. In perhaps his most significant contribution to North Carolina’s
historical record, Ready continues his narrative past the benchmark of World War II and into the twenty-first century. From
the civil rights struggle to the building of research triangles, triads, and parks, Ready recounts the events that have fueled
North Carolina’s accelerated development in recent years and the many challenges that have accompanied such rapid growth,
especially those of population change and environmental degradation.
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