The Louisiana Purchase Agreement
The Louisiana Purchase
Agreement History Details What states are included in the Louisiana Purchase Size Maps of the Louisiana Purchase Which States
Comprise and make up the Louisiana Purchase Facts
"Let the Land rejoice,
for you have bought Louisiana for a Song."
--Gen. Horatio
Gates to President Thomas Jefferson, July 18, 1803
The Louisiana
Purchase is considered the greatest real estate deal in history. On April 30, 1803, the United States paid France $15 million for
the Louisiana Territory (approximately four cents an acre)--828,000
square miles of land west of the Mississippi River. The lands acquired stretched from the
Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains and from the Gulf of Mexico to the Canadian border.
Thirteen states were carved from the Louisiana Territory. The Louisiana Purchase consists of three separate agreements between the
United States and France:
a treaty of cession and two agreements providing for the exchange of monies in the transaction.
The Louisiana Purchase nearly
doubled the size of the United States,
making it one of the largest nations in the world.
Robert Livingston and James Monroe closed on the sweetest real
estate deal of the millennium when they signed the Louisiana Purchase Treaty in Paris on April 30, 1803. They were authorized
to pay France up to $10 million for the port of New Orleans and the Floridas. When offered the entire territory of Louisiana—an
area larger than Great Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Spain and Portugal combined—the American negotiators swiftly
agreed to a price of $15 million.
Although President Thomas Jefferson was a strict interpreter of the
Constitution who wondered if the U.S. Government was authorized to acquire new territory, he was also a visionary who dreamed
of an “empire for liberty” that would stretch across the entire continent. As Napoleon threatened to take back
the offer, Jefferson squelched whatever doubts he had and prepared to occupy a land of unimaginable riches. The Louisiana
Purchase Agreement is made up of the Treaty of Cession and the two conventions regarding the financial aspects of the transaction.
In this transaction with France, signed on April 30, 1803, the United States purchased 828,000 square miles
of land west of the Mississippi River for $15 million. For roughly 4 cents an acre, the United States doubled its size, expanding
the nation westward.
| Louisiana Purchase Agreement Map |

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| Map of the Louisiana Purchase Agreement |
Sources: U.S. State Department, Library of Congress, National Archives
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